WHAT IS WELDING? - DEFINITION, PROCESSES AND TYPES OF WELDS

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WHAT IS WELDING? - DEFINITION, PROCESSES AND TYPES OF WELDS




 Fundamentals of welding for beginners. if you want to learn about welding basics for free. then this is the right place for you, because, here I shared some premium content for free.

What is Welding?

Welding can be described as the process of joining two or more pieces /edges of metal by producing a localised union through heat ( fusion ) with or without pressure to make a homogenous join

Types Of Welding by Metal Used:

  • Autogenous
  • Heterogeneous  

Types of welding by the method:

  • Fusion welding (Electrical Energy)-

  1. MMAW,
  2. FCAW
  3. SAW
  4. MIG
  5. TIG

  • Solid-State and Other Non-Electric Fusion Welding-

  1. Thermit
  2. Ultrasonic
  3. Diffusion & Deformation Welding

Welding Processes

  • Fusion Welding

  1. Welding in the liquid state with no pressure
  2. Union is by molten metal bridging

  • Solid Phase Welding  
  1.  Carried out below the melting point without filler additions
  2. Pressure often used
  3. Union is often by plastic flow
SOLID STATE WELDING

  1. Deformation Welding
  2. Diffusion Welding

Deformation Welding-

Two Surfaces in contact are brought to very close contact by applying high pressure, which deforms them. Eg –Forge welding, Roll welding, Extrusion welding. ( not Very High Temperature)


 

Forge Welding


Extrusion Welding


DIFFUSION WELDING:

Joining takes place by Atomic Diffusion of 2 surfaces in contact. Surfaces are usually heated to high temperatures ( below the melting point) & pressure may be employed .

Eg; Brazing, Braze welding & Soldering

Soldering:

  • Soldering is a Process similar to Brazing only in this case the temperature does not exceed 450 Deg.
  • Normally Lead or Tin Based alloys are used for soldering.

Brazing:

  • In this process 2 surfaces to be joined are not melted, Molten filler metal is employed to fill up the gap 
  • Temperature is more than 450 Deg but less than the melting point of base metal. ( 450-750 Deg)
  •  The Filler metal is distributed between closely fitted surfaces of the joint by capillary action..
  • Normally Silver Based alloys are used in this process.
Braze Welding:

Braze Welding
      

  • Its also a Joining process like Brazing where filler material melts but the base material does not – A difference in Braze welding filler metal is deposited in groove or fillet .( 750-900 Deg)
  • Capillary action is not a factor.
Fusion welding heat sources:




 Some Arc welding processes

  •   MMAW - Manual Metal Arc Welding
  • GMAW – Gas Metal Arc Welding (MIG, MAG)
  •  FCAW - Flux Cored Arc Welding
  •  GTAW - Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (TIG)
  •  SAW - Submerged Arc Welding
 Manual Metal Arc Welding:

Heat source - arc between metal and flux coated electrode (1.6- 8 mm diameter)

  •  Current 30-400A (depends on electrode size)
  • AC or DC operation
  • Power 1 to 12 kW





                    

 

Location: India

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